Tolvaptan does not improve long-term HF outcomes
Clinical Question
What are the effects of tolvaptan in patients hospitalized with heart failure?
Bottom Line
Tolvaptan improved symptoms of heart failure in the short-term but did not reduce long-term mortality or heart failure-related morbidity in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure. (LOE = 1b)
Reference
Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC, et al, for the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study With Tolvaptan (EVEREST) Investigators. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure. The EVEREST outcome trial. JAMA 2007;297:1319-1331. Gheorghiade M, Konstam MA, Burnett JC, et al. Short-term clinical effects of tolvaptan, an oral vasopressin antagonist, in patients hospitalized for heart failure. The EVEREST clinical status trials. JAMA 2007;297:1332-1343. [PMID:17384438]
Study Design
Randomized controlled trial (double-blinded)
Funding
Industry
Allocation
Concealed
Setting
Inpatient (any location)
Synopsis
Tolvaptan is an oral vasopressin receptor antagonist that selectively blocks the V2 receptors in the renal collecting ducts, leading to excretion of solute-free water. The EVEREST trials evaluated the effects of tolvaptan in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure. Two identically designed studies were conducted to evaluate the short-term effects of tolvaptan on clinical status, and an outcome study included all randomized patients to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes (mortality and hospitalization for heart failure). A total of 4133 patients (approximately 2000 each in the clinical status trials) were randomized to receive tolvaptan 30 mg daily or placebo within 48 hours of admission. All patients were managed with standard heart failure therapy, including diuretics. Treatment was continued for at least 60 days. Data were analyzed by intention to treat and outcome assessors were blinded to treatment assignment. The clinical trials found no difference in patient-assessed global clinical status at day 7. Tolvaptan resulted in significantly greater reductions in body weight at days 1 and 7 (-3.35 kg vs - 2.73 kg at 7 days; P < .001), and in improvement in patient-assessed dyspnea at day 1. Physician assessment showed improvement in dyspnea, orthopnea, fatigue, jugular venous distension, rales, and edema at days 1 through 4. There were no adverse effects on blood pressure, heart rate, or electrolyte levels. The outcome trial followed up patients for a median of 9.9 months, and found no difference in mortality or the composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure. The results of the EVEREST trials indicate that the main benefits of tolvaptan are limited to short-term volume removal rather than long-term benefits from neurohormonal blockade.
Citation
Barry, Henry, et al., editors. "Tolvaptan Does Not Improve Long-term HF Outcomes." EE+ POEM Archive, John Wiley & Sons, 2019. Evidence Central, evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/infoPOEMs/426511/all/Tolvaptan_does_not_improve_long_term_HF_outcomes.
Tolvaptan does not improve long-term HF outcomes. In: Barry HH, Ebell MHM, Shaughnessy AFA, et al, eds. EE+ POEM Archive. John Wiley & Sons; 2019. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/infoPOEMs/426511/all/Tolvaptan_does_not_improve_long_term_HF_outcomes. Accessed October 6, 2024.
Tolvaptan does not improve long-term HF outcomes. (2019). In Barry, H., Ebell, M. H., Shaughnessy, A. F., & Slawson, D. C. (Eds.), EE+ POEM Archive. John Wiley & Sons. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/infoPOEMs/426511/all/Tolvaptan_does_not_improve_long_term_HF_outcomes
Tolvaptan Does Not Improve Long-term HF Outcomes [Internet]. In: Barry HH, Ebell MHM, Shaughnessy AFA, Slawson DCD, editors. EE+ POEM Archive. John Wiley & Sons; 2019. [cited 2024 October 06]. Available from: https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/infoPOEMs/426511/all/Tolvaptan_does_not_improve_long_term_HF_outcomes.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Tolvaptan does not improve long-term HF outcomes
ID - 426511
ED - Barry,Henry,
ED - Ebell,Mark H,
ED - Shaughnessy,Allen F,
ED - Slawson,David C,
BT - EE+ POEM Archive
UR - https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/infoPOEMs/426511/all/Tolvaptan_does_not_improve_long_term_HF_outcomes
PB - John Wiley & Sons
DB - Evidence Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -