Altered dietary salt intake in chronic kidney disease
Evidence Summaries
Evidence Summaries
Level of Evidence = A
A Cochrane review 1 included 8 studies with a total of 258 subjects. Duration of the included studies was too short (1 to 26 weeks) to test the effect of salt restriction on endpoints such as mortality, cardiovascular events or chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. There was a significant reduction in 24 hour sodium excretion associated with low salt interventions (range 52 to 141 mmol) ( MD -105.86 mmol/d, 95% CI -119.20 to -92.51; 8 studies, n=258, I²=51%). Reducing salt intake significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (MD -8.75 mm Hg, 95% CI -11.33 to -6.16; 8 studies, n=258, I²=0%) and diastolic blood pressure (MD -3.70 mm Hg, 95% CI -5.09 to -2.30; 8 studies, n=258,I²=0%). One study reported restricting salt intake reduced the risk of oedema by 56%. Salt restriction increased plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone. Antihypertensive medication dosage was significantly reduced with a low salt diet (RR 5.48, 95% CI 1.27 to 23.66; 2 studies, n=52, I²=0%). There was no significant difference in eGFR, creatinine clearance, serum creatinine, or body weight. Salt restriction significantly reduced urinary protein excretion in all studies that reported proteinuria as an outcome (4 trials, n=149), however data could not be meta-analysed.
References
References
1. McMahon EJ, Campbell KL, Bauer JD et al. Altered dietary salt intake for people with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;(2):CD010070. [PMID:25691262]
Copyright © 2019 Duodecim Medical Publications Limited.
Altered dietary salt intake in chronic kidney disease is a sample topic from the Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines.
To view other topics, please sign in or purchase a subscription.
Evidence Central is an integrated web and mobile solution that helps clinicians quickly answer etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis questions using the latest evidence-based research. Complete Product Information.
Citation
"Altered Dietary Salt Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease." Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines, Duodecim Medical Publications Limited, 2019. Evidence Central, evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/458407/all/Altered_dietary_salt_intake_in_chronic_kidney_disease.
Altered dietary salt intake in chronic kidney disease. Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/458407/all/Altered_dietary_salt_intake_in_chronic_kidney_disease. Accessed December 7, 2019.
Altered dietary salt intake in chronic kidney disease. (2019). In Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Available from https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/458407/all/Altered_dietary_salt_intake_in_chronic_kidney_disease
Altered Dietary Salt Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease [Internet]. In: Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. [cited 2019 December 07]. Available from: https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/458407/all/Altered_dietary_salt_intake_in_chronic_kidney_disease.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Altered dietary salt intake in chronic kidney disease
ID - 458407
BT - Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines
UR - https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/458407/all/Altered_dietary_salt_intake_in_chronic_kidney_disease
PB - Duodecim Medical Publications Limited
DB - Evidence Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -