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Alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C

Evidence Summaries

Level of Evidence = C

Alpha-fetoprotein may only have a modest sensitivity (about 50%) to detect hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C.

A systematic review ¹ including 5 studies with a total of 1,734 subjects was abstracted in DARE. Of the 5 included studies, one did not use an appropriate gold standard for case patients, and two did not for control patients. Only one study reported blinding investigators to index test results, and two that consecutive patients were recruited. Four studies were prone to partial verification bias, while in one study verification bias was not applicable since US was used as the gold standard, which was considered unacceptable. Cut-off at 20 microg/L AFP (5 studies). The sensitivity ranged from 41 to 65%, the specificity from 80 to 94%, the positive LR from 3.1 to 6.8, and the negative LR from 0.4 to 0.6. Cut-off at 200 microg/L AFP (4 studies). The sensitivity ranged from 20 to 45%, the specificity from 99 to 100%, the positive LR from 29 to infinity, and the negative LR from 0.6 to 0.8.

Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by poor quality of the included studies.

References

1. Gupta S, Bent S, Kohlwes J. Test characteristics of alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C. A systematic review and critical analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003 Jul 1;139(1):46-50. [PMID:12834318]

Alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C is a sample topic from the Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines.

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Citation

"Alpha-fetoprotein for Detecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Hepatitis C." Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines, Duodecim Medical Publications Limited, 2019. Evidence Central, evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/456735/all/Alpha_fetoprotein_for_detecting_hepatocellular_carcinoma_in_patients_with_hepatitis_C.

Alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C. Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/456735/all/Alpha_fetoprotein_for_detecting_hepatocellular_carcinoma_in_patients_with_hepatitis_C. Accessed March 24, 2019.

Alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C. (2019). In Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Available from https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/456735/all/Alpha_fetoprotein_for_detecting_hepatocellular_carcinoma_in_patients_with_hepatitis_C

Alpha-fetoprotein for Detecting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Hepatitis C [Internet]. In: Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. [cited 2019 March 24]. Available from: https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/456735/all/Alpha_fetoprotein_for_detecting_hepatocellular_carcinoma_in_patients_with_hepatitis_C.

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TY - ELEC T1 - Alpha-fetoprotein for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C ID - 456735 BT - Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines UR - https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/456735/all/Alpha_fetoprotein_for_detecting_hepatocellular_carcinoma_in_patients_with_hepatitis_C PB - Duodecim Medical Publications Limited DB - Evidence Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -