Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries
Evidence Summaries
Evidence Summaries
Level of Evidence = C
A Cochrane review 1 included 39 studies with a total of 37,724 subjects. All included studies enrolled ethnically diverse youth in the US. Median final follow-up occurred 12 months after baseline. Programs took place in schools (10), community facilities (24), both schools and community facilities (2), healthcare facilities (2), and family homes (1). Results showed no evidence that abstinence-plus programs can affect self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence, and limited evidence that programs can reduce self-reported pregnancy incidence. Results for behavioral outcomes were promising; 23 of 39 evaluations found a significantly protective intervention effect for at least one behavioral outcome. Consistently favorable program effects were found for HIV knowledge.
Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by indirectness (the homogeneity of the trial populations) and the probable self-reporting bias.
References
References
1. Underhill K, Montgomery P, Operario D. Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 Jan 23;(1):CD007006. [PMID:18254124]
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"Abstinence-plus Programs for HIV Infection Prevention in High-income Countries." Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines, Duodecim Medical Publications Limited, 2019. Evidence Central, evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______.
Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______. Accessed December 14, 2019.
Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. (2019). In Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Available from https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______
Abstinence-plus Programs for HIV Infection Prevention in High-income Countries [Internet]. In: Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. [cited 2019 December 14]. Available from: https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______.
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