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Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries

Evidence Summaries

Level of Evidence = C

 Many abstinence-plus programs may reduce short-term and long-term HIV risk behavior among youth in high-income countries.

A Cochrane review 1 included 39 studies with a total of 37,724 subjects. All included studies enrolled ethnically diverse youth in the US. Median final follow-up occurred 12 months after baseline. Programs took place in schools (10), community facilities (24), both schools and community facilities (2), healthcare facilities (2), and family homes (1). Results showed no evidence that abstinence-plus programs can affect self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence, and limited evidence that programs can reduce self-reported pregnancy incidence. Results for behavioral outcomes were promising; 23 of 39 evaluations found a significantly protective intervention effect for at least one behavioral outcome. Consistently favorable program effects were found for HIV knowledge.

Comment: The quality of evidence is downgraded by indirectness (the homogeneity of the trial populations) and the probable self-reporting bias.

References

1. Underhill K, Montgomery P, Operario D. Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008 Jan 23;(1):CD007006.  [PMID:18254124]


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Citation

"Abstinence-plus Programs for HIV Infection Prevention in High-income Countries." Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines, Duodecim Medical Publications Limited, 2019. Evidence Central, evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______.
Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______. Accessed August 20, 2019.
Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries. (2019). In Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Available from https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______
Abstinence-plus Programs for HIV Infection Prevention in High-income Countries [Internet]. In: Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines. Duodecim Medical Publications Limited; 2019. [cited 2019 August 20]. Available from: https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______.
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TY - ELEC T1 - Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries ID - 452614 BT - Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines UR - https://evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/EBMG/452614/all/_________Abstinence_plus_programs_for_HIV_infection_prevention_in_high_income_countries______ PB - Duodecim Medical Publications Limited DB - Evidence Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -