EE+ POEM Archive
- Pacifier (dummy) cleaning by mouth may decrease allergy in infants
- Pacifier use associated with recurrent acute otitis media
- Paclitaxel-eluting stents fare worse than everolimus-eluting stents in patients with diabetes and CAD
- Pain control similar, patient satisfaction slightly higher with patient-controlled analgesia in the ED
- Pain severity does not predict outcomes with AMI
- Pain tx decreases agitation in nursing homes
- PA-led rapid response team beneficial
- Palivizumab prevents RSV and reduces later wheezing in preterm infants, but at high cost
- Palliative care consultation benefits stem cell transplant patients
- Pancreatic cancer risk increased in families with Lynch syndrome
- Pantoprozole more effective than somatostatin for peptic ulcer rebleeding
- Paracervical block reduces pain with IUD placement
- Parathyroid hormone prevents recurrent fractures
- Parents should use an oral syringe to measure and administer liquid medicines
- Parents want docs to support, not make, end-of-life decisions for their children
- Parent training more effective than parent education for behavioral problems in children with ASD
- Paroxetine blocks effect of tamoxifen on breast cancer
- Paroxetine is an effective treatment for refractory erythema in adults with rosacea
- Past use of e-cigarettes by adolescents associated with higher rates of bronchitis symptoms
- Patent foramen ovale closure in cryptogenic stroke reduces recurrence rate compared with antiplatelet agents
- Patent foramen ovale not necessarily associated with stroke recurrence
- Paternal use of valproate is not associated with adverse outcomes among offspring
- Pathologists disagree with each other and themselves on melanoma diagnoses
- Patient-centered time-limited trials of therapies may reduce nonbeneficial care in the intensive care unit
- Patient navigators on inpatient teams reduce hospital length of stay
- Patient navigators reduce readmission rates for high-risk older patients
- Patient-oriented gains with LDL lowering are small
- Patient reminders combined with clinician audit and feedback increases human papillomavirus vaccine uptake
- Patient-reported noninfectious complications common after urethral catheter placement
- Patients experience shame and isolation for deciding not to pursue thyroid cancer treatment
- Patients like access to their own records; their doctors don't mind
- Patient-specific fall prevention plan reduces fall rates in older hospitalized patients
- Patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention have better outcomes using guided antiplatelet therapy
- Patients with AF taking aspirin with anticoagulant at increased bleeding risk without clear benefit (ORBIT-AF)
- Patients with claudication: start with supervised exercise
- Patients with congenital ventricular septal defect have lower survival than general population
- Patients with initial unprovoked DVT or PE benefit from long-term low-dose aspirin (INSPIRE)
- Patients with mild pancreatitis from gallstones do better with early surgery (PONCHO)
- Patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes do not need immediate intervention
- Patients with NSCLC treated with chemo before surgery live longer
- Patients without AMI who take evolocumab have lower cholesterol levels
- Patients with self-reported memory concerns more likely to develop cognitive impairment
- Patients with small AAAs have approximately 3% higher annual cardiovascular death rate
- Patients with surgically treated first acute anterior shoulder dislocation have less instability than those treated nonsurgically
- Pay attention to gut feelings about cancer in patients
- PCI = sham PCI for exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina plus severe CAD (ORBITA)
- PCI better than drug therapy for postinfarction silent ischemia
- PCI has more benefits and harms than CABG for selected patients with left main coronary disease
- PCI is better than placebo for stable angina in patients who do not take anti-anginal medications (ORBITA-2)
- PCI not useful for occluded vessel after completed STEMI
- PCI of culprit lesion alone compared with multivessel PCI results in fewer deaths in AMI with cardiogenic shock
- PCI provides short-term quality of life improvement in stable angina (COURAGE)
- PCI similar to CABG in nonprotected left main disease
- PCOS symptoms in adolescents: no good guidance
- PCP diagnosis of depression: not very accurate
- Peanut allergy resolves in approximately 1 in 5 children in the first 4 years of life
- Peanut and tree nut consumption during pregnancy may decrease risk of allergic disease in children
- Peanut desensitization therapy increases anaphylactic reactions compared with placebo or avoidance
- PECARN and CHALICE best rules in children with head injuries
- Pediatrics group relaxes screen time prohibitions for kids
- Pediatric SIRS criteria not accurate for predicting which children will require critical care
- Pedigree identifies hereditary breast cancer syndromes
- Pedometer-based programs result in modest weight loss
- Pedometer use increases physical activity and may promote weight loss
- PEEP titration increases mortality in patients with ARDS compared with standard low PEEP
- Peer-based interventions to promote behavior change produce mixed results
- PEG better and faster than lactulose for initial treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
- PEG helpful in childhood constipation, fecal impaction
- PEG more effective than tegaserod for chronic constipation
- PEG safe and effective for up to 6 months in chronic constipation
- Pelvic exam not needed to identify high likelihood of cervicitis or pelvic inflammatory disease
- Pelvic floor exercises decrease symptoms more than a booklet in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POPPY)
- Pelvic floor exercises modestly improve pelvic floor prolapse symptoms (PREVPOL)
- Pelvic floor muscle training does not reduce postpartum urinary incontinence
- Pelvic floor muscle training reduces urinary incontinence in pregnancy
- PEN-FAST score to predict penicillin allergy not useful in pediatric population
- Pens and trinkets affect attitudes toward medications
- Peppermint oil and placebo are similarly effective in alleviating symptoms of moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome
- Peppermint oil capsules might relieve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome
- Percutaneous coronary intervention does not improve outcomes for patients with ischemic heart disease and LVEF of less than 35%
- Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure reduces AF stroke risk
- Pergolide, cabergoline increase risk of heart valve damage
- Periconception antibiotics associated with birth defects
- Perinatal mortality associated with macrosomia
- Perinatal steroids not associated with adverse CV function 7-10 years later
- Perindopril+indapamide improves outcomes in high-risk pts with DM (ADVANCE)
- Perineal self-massage improves symptoms in patients with constipation
- Perineorrhaphy successful for treatment of poorly healed second-degree perineal laceration
- Perioperative beta-blockers = placebo for noncardiac surgery
- Perioperative bridging anticoagulation unhelpful for invasive procedures
- Perioperative gabapentin use after major surgery is associated with increased delirium
- Perioperative metoprolol: fewer CV events and MIs, more deaths and strokes (POISE)
- Perioperative mortality for bariatric surgery is less than 0.1%
- Perioperative probiotics and synbiotics reduce postop infections in adults who undergo elective abdominal surgery
- Perioperative statin use decreased post-op MI and AF in statin-naïve patients
- Peri-op fluvastatin reduces myocardial ischemia after vascular surgery
- Persistence improves HPV vaccine uptake
- Personalized decision tool with risk–benefit information rightsizes colonoscopy screening
- Personalizing the experience of death in the ICU for all involved
- Personal sound amplification works as well as a hearing aid for understanding speech at 20% of the cost
- Personal sound amplifier may be an option for people with mild to moderate hearing loss
- Persons older than 60 years with prediabetes are more likely to become normoglycemic than to develop diabetes or die
- Pessaries are moderately effective for the treatment of female pelvic organ prolapse
- Pessaries don't prevent adverse perinatal outcomes in women with a multiple pregnancy (ProTWIN)
- Pessary reduces preterm birth among women with a short cervix identified mid-second trimester
- Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA vaccine is highly effective and safe in adolescents aged 12 to 15 years
- Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine booster reduces mortality due to COVID-19 by 90%
- Pfizer mRNA vaccine highly effective in a real-world population–based study in Israel
- Pharmacist-assisted Web-based care improves hypertension control
- Pharmacists and readmissions in the elderly: limited data, generally no effect
- Pharmacogenetic panel decreases medication-related adverse events in adults
- Phlebotomy decreased cancer risk in patients with PAD
- PHQ-15 reasonable for screening for somatoform disorders in primary care
- Physical activity and the risk of bleeding in children with hemophilia
- Physical activity associated with reduced incidence of depression
- Physical activity interventions in pregnancy decrease weight gain and risk of GDM
- Physical therapy better than steroid injections for knee osteoarthritis after 1 year
- Physical therapy doesn't add anything to standard treatment of ankle pain
- Physical therapy is not necessary for first traumatic shoulder dislocation (ARTISAN)
- Physical therapy may benefit ICU patients
- Physical therapy no better than sham therapy for hip osteoarthritis
- Physician-, biomarker-, and symptom-based adjustment of inhaled steroids all similar for adult asthma control
- Physician assessment of COPD doesn't match spirometry results
- Physicians should ask surrogate decision-makers about life-support preference
- Physiotherapy plus usual care is equal to usual care in kids with functional constipation
- PICKUP model modestly accurate in predicting chronic pain after acute low back pain
- Pimavanserin of uncertain benefit to treat psychosis in patients with dementia
- Pimecrolimus (Elidel) cream minimally effective for perioral dermatitis
- Pimecrolimus ineffective for intertriginous psoriasis
- Pioglitazone after stroke or TIA reduces stroke and MI, but has significant harms as well
- Pioglitazone associated with lower rate of stroke and MI in patients with prediabetes and recent stroke
- Pioglitazone does not increase cardiovascular events (PROactive)
- Pioglitazone exposure increases bladder cancer risk
- Pioglitazone prevents diabetes, but increases weight and risk of edema
- Placebo = antibiotics for skin abscesses in children
- Placebo almost as effective as hypnotics in adults
- Placebo decreases pain and medication use in children with functional abdominal pain or irritable bowel syndrome
- Placebo more effective than glucosamine plus chondroitin sulfate for knee DJD
- Placebo or sham interventions strongly affect subjective outcome measures
- Placebo plus message of benefit decreases chronic low back pain
- Plain MRI okay during first trimester but gadolinium MRI not okay any time during pregnancy
- Planned cesarean delivery not beneficial or harmful for twins
- Planned delivery for late preterm preeclampsia reduces maternal morbidity
- Plant-based therapies with soy isoflavones may be effective for menopausal symptoms
- Plaster cast and walking boot, each with rehabilitation, are comparable in patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture
- Plaster casts no better than functional braces in patients with nonoperative treatment of Achilles ruptures
- Platelet-function testing doesn't improve outcomes in elderly patients with stents after ACS
- Platelet-rich plasma = saline for patients with patellar tendinopathy
- Platelet rich plasma ineffective in chronic Achilles tendinopathy
- Platelet-rich plasma injection does not improve chronic Achilles tendinopathy
- Platelet-rich plasma injection is no better than sham injection for midportion Achilles tendinopathy
- Platelet-rich plasma injection no better than anesthetic injection during rotator cuff arthroscopy
- Platelet-rich plasma injection not beneficial for nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff disease
- Platelet-rich plasma injections = placebo in patients with nonsurgically treated acute Achilles tendon ruptures
- Platelet-rich plasma injections are not superior to hyaluronic acid for knee DJD
- Platelet-rich plasma injections are not superior to placebo injections for ankle osteoarthritis
- Platelet-rich plasma may minimally, if at all, benefit patients with knee OA
- Pneumatic compression devices effective for RLS
- Pneumatic compression in addition to pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis does not further reduce DVT risk
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine prevents meningitis
- Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine of questionable benefit for adults
- Pneumonia: 3 days of antibiotics for uncomplicated course
- Pneumonia can be treated with 3 to 5 days of abx
- Pneumonia vaccine effective in nursing homes
- POCUS is accurate in diagnosing small bowel obstruction in adults
- POCUS-measured jugular venous pressure can accurately predict elevated central pressure
- Point-of-care bilirubin testing in neonates is faster and uses less blood, but is less precise, than lab-based testing
- Point-of-care BNP testing may be helpful to rule out heart failure
- Point-of-care CRP testing slightly decreases abx for RTI
- Point-of-care testing for respiratory pathogens did not reduce antibiotic use in children or improve outcomes
- Point-of-care ultrasound = x-ray for distal forearm fracture evaluation in children
- Point-of-care ultrasound in the ED is pretty accurate for diagnosis of appendicitis
- Point-of-care ultrasound is useful for ruling out skin and soft tissue abscess
- Polypill better for secondary cardiovascular prevention than physician-directed care
- Polypill decreases MACE in developing countries (PolyIran)
- Polypill does not slow cognitive decline in older adults at intermediate cardiovascular risk (TIPS-3)
- Polypill improves CV risk markers, no data on outcomes (TIPS)
- Polyunsaturated fat diet not effective to prevent heart disease
- Pooled analysis: SERMs prevent breast cancer
- Poor agreement on interpretation of fetal heart rate tracings
- Poor evidence for antioxidants for arthritis
- Poor evidence on the assoc of early gluten exposure and the risk of celiac disease
- Poor-quality data show music interventions may improve post-op anxiety and pain in adults
- Poor-quality data suggest that anticholinergic medications are associated with dementia and cognitive decline in the elderly
- Poor-quality data suggest that platelet-rich plasma is marginally more effective than steroids for plantar fasciitis
- Poor-quality evidence for steroid injection in pts with frozen shoulder
- Poor-quality studies: several public health measures are effective in controlling the spread of COVID-19
- Poor research quality for newborn hearing testing, screening, and treatment
- Poor sleep associated with hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients
- Population-based case-finding intervention to identify undiagnosed COPD and asthma has minimal benefits
- Portable US accurate in diganosis of long bone fractures
- Positive, rather than negative, messaging of weight loss might motivate patients to try to lose weight
- Positive CA125 test results for "symptomatic" women are wrong most of the time
- Possible increased risk of stroke or MI after initiating triptans in adults with CV risk factors, but events are rare
- Postcardiac surgery high-sensitivity troponin levels greater than 200 times the upper limit of normal are associated with greater mortality
- Postcoital bleeding of limited use in determining cervical cancer risk
- Postdischarge decolonization plus education leads to fewer MRSA infections than education alone
- Postdischarge tobacco cessation intervention results in higher quit rates for hospitalized smokers
- Postexposure prophylaxis with doxycycline in men who have sex with men and transgender women with or at risk of HIV reduces STI risk (NNT = 5)
- Postexposure prophylaxis with doxycycline reduces STIs in men having sex with men
- Post-MI beta-blockers do not decrease mortality
- Post-op antibiotic delivery devices do not improve healing after diabetic foot infections
- Postoperative and nonoperative atrial fibrillation associated with similar risks of stroke and death
- Postoperative opioids are no better for pain relief and cause more adverse effects than nonopioids
- Postop gum chewing beneficial
- Postpartum IUD placement at 2-4 wk = 6-8 wk, with caveats
- Powder use in the genital area is not associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer
- PPI helpful for HP-negative dyspepsia with normal endoscopy, especially if overweight
- PPI lansoprazole not effective for improving asthma control in children
- PPI reduces GI bleeds when added to clopidogrel + aspirin, no increase in CV events
- PPIs and H2 receptor blockers reduce the risk of GI bleeding in high-risk, critically ill patients
- PPIs improve postnasal drip symptoms
- PPIs not helpful for GERD-related chronic laryngitis
- PPI use associated with a small increased fracture risk in children
- PPI use associated with increased risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic adults
- PPI use in ICU for high-risk patients: less bleeding but no effect on mortality
- PPI use linked with recurrent C difficile infection
- PPI use reduces benefit of clopidogrel post-MI
- Practice guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding children with obesity
- Practice guideline suggests a trial of CBD/THC for patients with chronic pain
- Pragmatic primary care trial finds LTI similarly effective as inhaled steroid, LABA
- Pragmatic trial: Oseltamivir of uncertain benefit in patients with flu-like symptoms
- Praying for others doesn't prevent surgery complications (STEP)
- Preconception aspirin may be = placebo in preventing pregnancy loss (EAGeR)
- Preconception myo-inositol and probiotics decrease premature birth
- Prediabetes does not increase risk in patients with coronary artery disease (ARTEMIS)
- Prediction model can decrease prostate biopsies in men with abnormal PSA
- Prediction models fail to predict falls after returning home after stroke
- Prediction rule for benefit vs harm of dual antiplatelet therapy 1 year after PCI
- Prediction score: functional status and dehydration predict delirium in hospitalized elders
- Prediction tool for chronic kidney disease following acute kidney injury
- Predictive values for 6 common abdominal symptoms
- PREDICT Prostate online risk score accurately predicts the prognosis for men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer
- Prednisolone but not acyclovir effective for Bell's palsy
- Prednisolone effective short-term for complex regional pain syndrome
- Prednisone following bare metal stent implantation improves outcomes
- Prednisone speeds recovery, shortens stay in patients hospitalized with CAP
- Pre-encounter information decreases antibiotic expectations but not actual prescribing
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention does not improve pregnancy outcomes
- Preexposure prophylaxis with tenofovir/emtricitabine prevents HIV infection in men who have unprotected anal intercourse
- Pregabalin = placebo for painful HIV-associated neuropathy
- Pregabalin = placebo in neurogenic claudication from spinal stenosis
- Pregabalin does not decrease the pain of sciatica
- Pregnancy complications can be identified using masked ultrasound sweeps
- Pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic sclerosis worse than in general population
- Pregnancy outcomes not improved with 1-step testing versus 2-step testing for gestational diabetes
- Pregnant women who become ill with COVID-19 are more likely to die and have adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes
- Pre-hospital hypothermia does not improve outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- Premature hair graying associated with family history, smoking, and obesity
- Prenatal/postnatal probiotics prevent but don't treat atopic dermatitis
- Prenatal exposure to pregabalin associated with major birth defects
- Prenatal iron decreases low birth weight deliveries
- Prenatal supplementation with DHA-rich fish oil does not improve outcomes
- Prenatal valproate exposure increases risk of autism spectrum disorder
- Preop chlorhexidine-alcohol more effective than povidone-iodine in preventing surgical-site infections
- Pre-op smoking cessation decreases complication rate
- Pre-pregnancy bariatric surgery associated with more neonatal morbidity and mortality
- Prepregnancy or gestational diabetes increases risk of perinatal depression
- Prescription omega-3 fatty acids do not reduce risk of recurrent A fib
- Prescription opioid use during pregnancy is not linked to neuropsychiatric outcomes
- Prescription stimulant use during pregnancy is unlikely to harm offspring
- Presence of risk factors doesn't predict acute coronary syndrome
- Presence or absence of leukocytes makes no difference in effectiveness of PRP injection in persons with knee osteoarthritis
- Presenting risks in different ways affects perceptions
- Presurgical checklists — limited high-quality data on their effectiveness
- Presyncope not usually a harbinger of serious outcomes
- Preterm birth associated with prior abortion
- Preterm birth associated with reduced survival and reproduction
- Preterm birth increased after treatment for CIN
- Preterm births not reduced by periodontal treatment
- Pretreatment eradication of H. pylori improves NSAID safety
- Pretreatment with omeprazole before endoscopy reduces bleeding
- Prevalence of pulmonary embolism is 5.9% in patients with COPD who are hospitalized with acute respiratory symptoms
- Preventing breast cancer effective in postmenopausal women
- Preventing falls in the hospital: not much data
- Preventing mastoiditis not a good antibiotic rationale
- Prevention of HF readmissions: best results with home visits and multidisciplinary clinics
- Preventive PCI during treatment for acute STEMI reduces future cardiovascular events (PRAMI)
- Price transparency doesn't change clinicians' ordering of inpatient lab tests (PRICE)
- Primary care patients often fail to disclose symptoms like anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sexual or relationship problems
- Primary care physicians can help patients lose weight
- Primary pneumothorax better with pleurodesis + drainage vs drainage alone
- Proactive communication strategy reduces stress in families of dying patients
- Probability of cancer in high-risk patients with pulmonary nodules detected by low-dose screening CT
- Probiotic bacterial spores reduce the likelihood of C. diff relapse in the short term (NNT = 4) in frequent relapsers
- Probiotic decreases colicky crying
- Probiotic decreases duration of diarrhea in children
- Probiotic decreases IBS symptoms
- Probiotic decreases side effects of H. pylori treatment
- Probiotic does not prevent C diff or antibiotic-induced diarrhea in the elderly (PLACIDE)
- Probiotic formulation prevents microbiologic recurrence of bacterial vaginosis; no information about effect on symptoms
- Probiotic improves functional abdominal pain in children
- Probiotic ineffective for treatment of acute gastroenteritis in young children
- Probiotics are as effective as antidepressants (which are not very effective)
- Probiotics decrease antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children
- Probiotics decrease antibiotic-associated diarrhea risk
- Probiotics during pregnancy or early infancy do not prevent asthma in children
- Probiotics effective in preventing acute diarrhea, but not traveler's diarrhea
- Probiotics effective to prevent recurrent BV
- Probiotics increase mortality in severe pancreatitis (PROPATRIA)
- Probiotics may improve irritable bowel syndrome
- Probiotics prevent C. diff-associated diarrhea in patients taking antibiotics
- Probiotics prevent cold symptoms in children
- Probiotics reduce risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and adults
- Probiotics safe, minimally effective in newborns
- Probiotics somewhat helpful for IBS
- Probiotic yogurt prevents antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients
- Problem-solving therapy effective for depression with executive dysfunction
- Procalcitonin and pyuria-based algorithm may reduce antibiotic use in UTI
- Procalcitonin-based algorithm does not reduce antibiotic use in the ICU
- Procalcitonin guidance safely decreases antibiotic use in critically ill patients
- Procalcitonin-guided algorithms reduce antibiotic use without affecting mortality
- Procalcitonin levels reduce antibiotic use in ICU
- Procalcitonin may distinguish bacterial from viral meningitis in kids
- Procalcitonin not useful in diagnosing infective endocarditis
- Procalcitonin reduces antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis but not other causes of lower respiratory tract infection
- Procalcitonin rules out pneumonia in patients with dyspnea in the emergency department
- Procalcitonin test can reduce antibiotic use in COPD
- Procalcitonin testing decreases antibiotic use
- Procalcitonin useless in managing febrile children
- Progestational agents reduce preterm birth
- Progesterone does not prevent recurrent miscarriage (PROMISE)
- Progesterone for bleeding in the first trimester is not effective to prevent miscarriage
- Progesterone ineffective to reduce preterm twin birth
- Progestogen maintenance does not prevent preterm birth after tocolysis
- Progestogens prevent preterm birth among women with prior preterm birth
- Prognosis of acute and persistent low back pain
- Prognosis of bicuspid aortic valve depends on age, severity of valve dysfunction
- Prognosis of cutaneous signs of neurofibromatosis type 1
- Prognosis poor for nursing home residents started on dialysis
- Prognosis poor in advanced dementia
- Progression of papillary thyroid cancer is lower in older adults
- Progressive resistance plus physical activity increases likelihood that venous leg ulcers will heal
- Progress of induced labor slower than spontaneous labor
- Prolonged monitoring more likely to detect AF after cryptogenic stroke
- Prolonged thromboprophylaxis after hip-replacement surgery decreases VTE
- Prolonged tocolysis after 48 hrs with oral nifedipine does not reduce adverse perinatal outcomes
- Promoting breastfeeding duration and exclusivity does not prevent childhood obesity
- Prompt tympanostomy tube insertion doesn't improve 9 yr outcomes
- Prone positioning during mechanical ventilation for ARDS improves survival
- Prone position is difficult to maintain and may be ineffective in non-ICU patients with COVID-19
- Prophylactic abx not necessary after UTI in children
- Prophylactic amoxicillin-clavulanate does not reduce mortality in patients with severe alcohol-related hepatitis
- Prophylactic antibiotic beneficial for women undergoing operative vaginal delivery
- Prophylactic antibiotics after stroke do not improve outcomes (PASS)
- Prophylactic antibiotics for miscarriage surgery not beneficial
- Prophylactic antibiotics reduce recurrent UTI in kids with VUR (RIVUR)
- Prophylactic cefazolin = no antibiotics in preventing infection after fingertip amputation
- Prophylactic dextrose for at-risk newborns decreases the risk of hypoglycemia but not NICU admission
- Prophylactic dialysis reduces long-term dialysis in pts with renal failure after coronary angiography
- Prophylactic haloperidol does not improve survival or prevent delirium in critically ill patients
- Prophylactic indomethacin prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients
- Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy reduces ovarian cancer risk
- Prophylaxis effective for HIV-discordant heterosexual couples
- Prophylaxis not effective for tension-type headache
- Prophylaxis with continuous IV haloperidol decreased post-op delirium in elderly
- Propranolol for infantile hemangioma not associated with impaired growth or development
- Propranolol is an effective treatment for proliferating infantile hemangioma
- Propranolol reduces severe infantile hemangiomas
- Proprioceptive training decreases recurrent ankle sprains
- Prostaglandin inhibitors best for tocolysis
- Prostate cancer screening: no mortality benefit after 13 years of follow-up (PLCO)
- Prostate cancer screening: no mortality benefit after 15 years of follow-up (PLCO)
- Prostate cancer screening increases harm risk without decreasing mortality
- Prostatectomy does not significantly reduce mortality in up to 20 years of follow-up
- Prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer causes more functional problems without any survival benefit
- Prostatectomy reduces mortality compared with no surveillance in men with T2 cancer who presented with symptoms
- Proton pump inhibitors do not improve throat symptoms in patients without specific heartburn symptoms
- Proton pump inhibitor use associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer
- Proton pump inhibitor use in children is associated with an increased risk of serious infections
- Provided infant carriers increase the rate of sustained breastfeeding
- Providing patients with the costs of care does not reduce health care spending
- Providing procalcitonin levels does not reduce antibiotic use in patients with lower respiratory tract infections
- PSA screening does not decrease mortality
- PSA screening does not reduce mortality from prostate CA (PLCO)
- PSA screening for prostate cancer not recommended (USPSTF)
- PSA screening has marginal effect on mortality in European study (ERSPC)
- PSK9 inhibitor alirocumab reduces nonfatal MI in patients after acute coronary syndrome, but at high cost (ODYSSEY OUTCOMES)
- Psoriasis associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation and stroke
- Psychiatric problems do not increase after induced abortion
- Psychological interventions reduce onset of depression
- Psychotherapy improves CV outcomes in at-risk patients (SUPRIM)
- PT combined with patient education reduces falls in older hospitalized patients
- PT for long-term care residents: poor-quality studies, small effect on ADLs
- PTSD screening tests in primary care patients and high-risk populations are moderately reliable
- Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Severity Index predicts low risk PE patients.
- Pulmonary embolism common in patients with first episode of syncope (PESIT)
- Pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria reduces the need for CT pulmonary angiography in low-risk patients (PERC)
- Pulmonary rehabilitation after hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease improves mortality
- Pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart defects: modest sensitivity, high specificity, unknown outcomes
- Pulse oximetry to screen for congenital heart disease in newborns
- Putting children to bed earlier increases sleep duration
- Pyloric stenosis has strong heritability risk